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ABAP Performance Tuning

Автор: Hermann Gahm
Издательство:
Страниц: 344
ISBN: 978-1-59229-289-9

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7453

Автор

Hermann Gahm

Аннотация

Is your ABAP as good as it can be? With this essential guide, find out how to make it so. You’ll learn about analysis tools and performance-relevant technologies, and discover how you can analyze existing source code and enhance your programming style. It's time to make sure that your ABAP programs are fully optimized.

ISBN

978-1-59229-289-9

Обложка

Hardcover

Объём

344 страницы

1 ... Introduction	17
... 1.1 ... Tuning Methods	17
... 1.2 ... Structure of the Book	19
... 1.3 ... How to Use This Book	20
2 ... SAP System Architecture for ABAP Developers	21
... 2.1 ... SAP System Architecture	21
... ... 2.1.1 ... Three-Layer Architecture	22
... ... 2.1.2 ... Distribution of the Three Layers	23
... 2.2 ... Performance Aspects of the Architecture	25
... ... 2.2.1 ... Frontend	26
... ... 2.2.2 ... Application Layer	26
... ... 2.2.3 ... Database	27
... ... 2.2.4 ... Summary	27
3 ... Performance Analysis Tools	29
... 3.1 ... Overview of Tools	29
... 3.2 ... Usage Time of Tools	31
... 3.3 ... Analysis and Tools in Detail	34
... ... 3.3.1 ... SAP Code Inspector (Transaction SCI	34
... ... 3.3.2 ... Selectivity Analysis (Transaction DB05	40
... ... 3.3.3 ... Process Analysis (Transactions SM50/SM66) — Status of a Program	44
... ... 3.3.4 ... Debugger — Memory Analysis	47
... ... 3.3.5 ... Memory Inspector (Transaction S_MEMORY_INSPECTOR	49
... ... 3.3.6 ... Transaction ST10 — Table Call Statistics	51
... ... 3.3.7 ... Performance Trace — General Information (Transaction ST05	54
... ... 3.3.8 ... Performance Trace — SQL Trace (Transaction ST05	57
... ... 3.3.9 ... Performance Trace — RFC Trace (Transaction ST05	70
... ... 3.3.10 ... Performance Trace — Enqueue Trace (Transaction ST05	72
... ... 3.3.11 ... Performance Trace — Table Buffer Trace (Transaction ST05	74
... ... 3.3.12 ... ABAP Trace (Transaction SE30	77
... ... 3.3.13 ... Single Transaction Analysis (Transaction ST12	89
... ... 3.3.14 ... E2E Trace	101
... ... 3.3.15 ... Single Record Statistics (Transaction STAD	109
... ... 3.3.16 ... Dump Analysis (Transaction ST22	119
... 3.4 ... Tips for the Performance Analysis	123
... ... 3.4.1 ... Consistency Checks	123
... ... 3.4.2 ... Time-Based Analysis	123
... ... 3.4.3 ... Prevention	123
... ... 3.4.4 ... Optimization	124
... ... 3.4.5 ... Runtime Behavior of Mass Data	124
... 3.5 ... Summary	124
4 ... Parallel Processing	127
... 4.1 ... Packaging	127
... 4.2 ... Parallel Processing	129
... ... 4.2.1 ... Background	130
... ... 4.2.2 ... Challenges and Solution Approaches for Parallelized Programs	131
... ... 4.2.3 ... Parallel Processing Technologies	140
... ... 4.2.4 ... Summary	145
5 ... Data Processing with SQL	147
... 5.1 ... The Architecture of a Database	147
... 5.2 ... Execution of SQL	151
... ... 5.2.1 ... Execution in SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP	151
... ... 5.2.2 ... Execution in the Database	153
... 5.3 ... Efficient SQL: Basic Principles	155
... 5.4 ... Access Strategies	155
... ... 5.4.1 ... Logical Structures	155
... ... 5.4.2 ... Indexes as Search Helps	158
... ... 5.4.3 ... Operators	167
... ... 5.4.4 ... Decision for an Access Path	169
... ... 5.4.5 ... Analysis and Optimization in ABAP	170
... ... 5.4.6 ... Summary	184
... 5.5 ... Resulting Set	185
... ... 5.5.1 ... Reducing the Columns	188
... ... 5.5.2 ... Reducing the Rows	190
... ... 5.5.3 ... Reading a Defined Number of Rows	191
... ... 5.5.4 ... Aggregating	193
... ... 5.5.5 ... Existence Checks	195
... ... 5.5.6 ... Updates	196
... ... 5.5.7 ... Summary	197
... 5.6 ... Index Design	198
... ... 5.6.1 ... Read or Write Processing	200
... ... 5.6.2 ... How is Data Accessed	202
... ... 5.6.3 ... Summary	204
... 5.7 ... Execution Frequency	205
... ... 5.7.1 ... View	209
... ... 5.7.2 ... Join	210
... ... 5.7.3 ... FOR ALL ENTRIES	211
... 5.8 ... Used API	215
... ... 5.8.1 ... Static Open SQL	216
... ... 5.8.2 ... Dynamic Open SQL	216
... ... 5.8.3 ... Static Native SQL	216
... ... 5.8.4 ... Summary	217
... 5.9 ... Special Cases and Exceptions	217
... ... 5.9.1 ... Sorting	217
... ... 5.9.2 ... Pool and Cluster Tables	218
... ... 5.9.3 ... Hints and Adapting Statistics	220
6 ... Buffering of Data	223
... 6.1 ... SAP Memory Architecture from the Developer’s Point of View	223
... ... 6.1.1 ... User-Specific Memory	225
... ... 6.1.2 ... Cross-User Memory	225
... 6.2 ... User-Specific Buffering Types	227
... ... 6.2.1 ... Buffering in the Internal Session	227
... ... 6.2.2 ... Buffering Across Internal Sessions	230
... ... 6.2.3 ... Buffering Across External Sessions	231
... ... 6.2.4 ... Summary	231
... 6.3 ... Cross-User Buffering Types	232
... ... 6.3.1 ... Buffering in the Shared Buffer	232
... ... 6.3.2 ... Buffering in the Shared Memory	233
... ... 6.3.3 ... Buffering via the Shared Objects	234
... ... 6.3.4 ... Summary	235
... 6.4 ... SAP Table Buffering	236
... ... 6.4.1 ... Architecture and Overview	237
... ... 6.4.2 ... What Tables Can Be Buffered	243
... ... 6.4.3 ... Performance Aspects of Table Buffering	244
... ... 6.4.4 ... Analysis Options	251
... 6.5 ... Summary	251
7 ... Processing of Internal Tables	253
... 7.1 ... Overview of Internal Tables	253
... 7.2 ... Organization in the Main Memory	255
... 7.3 ... Table Types	258
... 7.4 ... Performance Aspects	265
... ... 7.4.1 ... Fill	265
... ... 7.4.2 ... Read	268
... ... 7.4.3 ... Modify	273
... ... 7.4.4 ... Delete	274
... ... 7.4.5 ... Condense	275
... ... 7.4.6 ... Sort	276
... ... 7.4.7 ... Copy Cost-Reduced or Copy Cost-Free Access	277
... ... 7.4.8 ... Secondary Indexes	278
... ... 7.4.9 ... Copy	279
... ... 7.4.10 ... Nested Loops and Nonlinear Runtime Behavior	282
... ... 7.4.11 ... Summary	284
8 ... Communication with Other Systems	287
... 8.1 ... RFC Communication Between ABAP Systems	288
... ... 8.1.1 ... Synchronous RFC	288
... ... 8.1.2 ... Asynchronous RFC	288
... 8.2 ... Performance Aspects for the RFC Communication	290
... 8.3 ... Summary	293
9 ... Special Topics	295
... 9.1 ... Local Update	295
... ... 9.1.1 ... Asynchronous Update	295
... ... 9.1.2 ... Local Update	297
... 9.2 ... Parameter Passings	298
... 9.3 ... Type Conversions	299
... 9.4 ... Index Tables	299
... 9.5 ... Saving Frontend Resources	300
... 9.6 ... Saving Enqueue and Message Service	301
10 ... Outlook	303
... 10.1 ... Important Changes to the Tools for the Performance Analysis	303
... ... 10.1.1 ... Performance Trace (Transaction ST05)	303
... ... 10.1.2 ... ABAP Trace (Transaction SAT	309
... 10.2 ... Important Changes to Internal Tables (Secondary Key	314
... ... 10.2.1 ... Definition	314
... ... 10.2.2 ... Administration Costs and Lazy Index Update	315
... ... 10.2.3 ... Read Accesses	315
... ... 10.2.4 ... Active Key Protection	317
... ... 10.2.5 ... Delayed Index Update for Incremental Key Changes	317
... ... 10.2.6 ... Summary	318
A ... Execution Plans of Different Databases	319
... A.1 ... General Information on Execution Plans	319
... A.2 ... IBM DB2 (IBM DB2 for zSeries	320
... A.3 ... IBM DB2 (DB2 for iSeries)	323
... A.4 ... IBM DB2 (DB2 for LUW)	326
... A.5 ... SAP MaxDB	329
... A.6 ... Oracle	332
... A.7 ... Microsoft SQL Server	336
B ... The Author	339